virtual machine
A computer system is made up of layers. The hardware is the lowest level in all such systems. The kernel running at the next level uses the hardware instructions to create a set of system calls for use by outer layers. The system programs above the kernel are therefore able to use either system calls or hardware instructions, and in some ways these programs do not differentiate between these two. By using CPU scheduling and virtual-memory techniques an operating system can create the illusion that a process has its own processor with its own (virtual) memory. The virtual-machine approach, does not provide any additional functionality, but rather provides an interface that is identical to the underlying bare hardware. Each process is provided with a (virtual) copy of the underlying computer The physical computer shares resources to create the virtual machines.
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